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# Dismounting Rider

Pre-Hellenistic Coinage of Cilicia Trachea

## Sitemaps

- [XML Sitemap](https://dismountingrider.info/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website.

## Pages

- [Pre-Hellenistic Coinage of Cilicia Trachea](https://dismountingrider.info/) - Classification and analysis of the pre-Hellenistic coinage of Cilicia Trachea (Rough Cilicia), with a personal coin collection, ancient texts and modern poetry.
- [Overstrikes](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/overstrikes/) - Overstrikes involving the pre-Hellenistic coinage of Cilicia Trachea: catalogue entries with undertype identifications, descriptions, and references.
- [Pseudo-Kelenderis mints](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/pseudo-kelenderis-mints/) - Catalogue entries for silver and non-silver staters from two unidentified Pseudo-Kelenderis mints, with descriptions, references, and commentary.
- [Fourrées](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/nagidos/nagidos-group-f/) - Catalogue entries for fourrée staters of Nagidos in Cilicia Trachea, with prototype identifications, descriptions, references, and commentary.
- [Uncertain issues](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/nagidos/nagidos-group-x/) - Uncertain coin issues associated with Nagidos in Cilicia Trachea: hybrid staters, obols, hemiobols, and bronze coins, with references and commentary.
- [Bronze coins](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/nagidos/nagidos-group-8/) - Catalogue entries for the bronze coins of Nagidos in Cilicia Trachea, with descriptions, variants, references, and commentary.
- [Silver fractions](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/nagidos/nagidos-groups-567/) - Catalogue entries for silver fractions of Nagidos in Cilicia Trachea: obols, hemiobols, and tetartemorions, with descriptions, variants, and references.
- [Third staters](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/nagidos/nagidos-group-4/) - Catalogue entries for the third staters of Nagidos in Cilicia Trachea, with descriptions, variants, references, and commentary.
- [Staters – Group 3](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/nagidos/nagidos-group-3/) - Catalogue entries for Group 3 staters of Nagidos in Cilicia Trachea, with descriptions, variants, references, and commentary.
- [Staters – Group 2](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/nagidos/nagidos-group-2/) - Catalogue entries for Group 2 staters of Nagidos in Cilicia Trachea, with descriptions, variants, references, and commentary.
- [Staters – Group 1](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/nagidos/nagidos-group-1/) - Catalogue entries for Group 1 staters of Nagidos in Cilicia Trachea, with descriptions, variants, references, and commentary.
- [Uncertain issues](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/holmoi/holmoi-group-x/) - Uncertain coin issues possibly attributable to Holmoi in Cilicia Trachea: catalogue entries with variants and references.
- [Group 2](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/holmoi/holmoi-group-2/) - Later coinage of Holmoi in Cilicia Trachea during the Classical period: catalogue entries with commentary, descriptions, and references.
- [Group 1](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/holmoi/holmoi-group-1/) - Early coinage of Holmoi in Cilicia Trachea during the Classical period: catalogue entries with commentary, descriptions, and references.
- [Holmoi](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/holmoi/) - Catalogue of the Classical-period coinage of Holmoi in Cilicia Trachea, including coin types, variants, and uncertain issues.
- [Anemourion](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/anemourion/) - Catalogue of the Classical-period coinage of Anemourion in Cilicia Trachea, with descriptions, references, and images of the known specimens.
- [Overview](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/kelenderis/kelenderis-overview/) - Overview of the Classical-period coinage of Kelenderis in Cilicia Trachea: coin types, symbols, ethnic inscriptions, and a concordance with Kraay 1962.
- [Overview](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/nagidos/nagidos-overview/) - Overview of the Classical-period coinage of Nagidos in Cilicia Trachea: coin types, symbols, ethnic inscriptions, and concordance with Lederer 1931.
- [Fourrées](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/kelenderis/kelenderis-group-f/) - Catalogue entries for fourrée staters of Kelenderis in Cilicia Trachea, with prototype identifications, descriptions, references, and commentary.
- [Uncertain issues](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/kelenderis/kelenderis-group-x/) - Uncertain coin issues associated with Kelenderis in Cilicia Trachea: hybrid staters, other staters, and obols, with descriptions and commentary.
- [Bronze coins](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/kelenderis/kelenderis-group-7/) - Catalogue entries for the bronze coins of Kelenderis in Cilicia Trachea, with descriptions, variants, references, and commentary.
- [Hemiobols](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/kelenderis/kelenderis-group-6/) - Catalogue entries for the hemiobols of Kelenderis in Cilicia Trachea, with descriptions, variants, references, and commentary.
- [Obols](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/kelenderis/kelenderis-group-5/) - Catalogue entries for the obols of Kelenderis in Cilicia Trachea, with descriptions, variants, references, and commentary.
- [Staters – Group 1](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/kelenderis/kelenderis-group-1/) - Catalogue entries for Group 1 staters of Kelenderis in Cilicia Trachea, with descriptions, references, and commentary.
- [Staters – Group 2](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/kelenderis/kelenderis-group-2/) - Catalogue entries for Group 2 staters of Kelenderis in Cilicia Trachea, with descriptions, references, and commentary.
- [Staters – Group 3](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/kelenderis/kelenderis-group-3/) - Catalogue entries for Group 3 staters of Kelenderis in Cilicia Trachea, with descriptions, references, and commentary.
- [Third staters](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/kelenderis/kelenderis-group-4/) - Catalogue entries for the third staters of Kelenderis in Cilicia Trachea, with descriptions, references, and commentary.
- [Chronology](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/kelenderis/kelenderis-chronology/) - Relative chronology of Kelenderis staters from Cilicia Trachea, based on die links, iconography, hoards, weight analyses, countermarks, and overstrikes.
- [Nagidos](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/nagidos/) - Catalogue of the Classical-period coinage of Nagidos in Cilicia Trachea (Rough Cilicia), including coin types, variants, and uncertain issues.
- [Kelenderis](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/kelenderis/) - Catalogue of the Classical-period coinage of Kelenderis in Cilicia Trachea (Rough Cilicia), including coin types, variants, and uncertain issues.
- [Overview](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/holmoi/holmoi-overview/) - Classification of the Classical-period coinage of Holmoi in Cilicia Trachea, with coin types, denominations, symbols, and city ethnic inscriptions.
- [Aphrodisias](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/aphrodisias/) - Catalogue entries for coins tentatively attributed to Aphrodisias in Cilicia Trachea, with descriptions, references, variants, and known specimens.
- [Coin Catalogue](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/) - Catalogue of pre-Hellenistic coinage of Cilicia Trachea (Rough Cilicia), including coin types, variants, descriptions, and references.
- [Ancient written sources](https://dismountingrider.info/cilicia-trachea-in-the-classical-period/mints/ancient-written-sources/) - Excerpts from ancient written sources mentioning Anemourion, Aphrodisias, Holmoi, Kelenderis and Nagidos in Cilicia Trachea (Rough Cilicia).
- [Nagidos](https://dismountingrider.info/cilicia-trachea-in-the-classical-period/mints/about-nagidos/) - An overview of Nagidos in Cilicia Trachea (Rough Cilicia), including its location, history and coinage.
- [Kelenderis](https://dismountingrider.info/cilicia-trachea-in-the-classical-period/mints/about-kelenderis/) - An overview of Kelenderis in Cilicia Trachea (Rough Cilicia), including its location, history and coinage.
- [Holmoi](https://dismountingrider.info/cilicia-trachea-in-the-classical-period/mints/about-holmoi/) - An overview of Holmoi in Cilicia Trachea (Rough Cilicia), including its location, history and coinage.
- [Aphrodisias](https://dismountingrider.info/cilicia-trachea-in-the-classical-period/mints/about-aphrodisias/) - An overview of Aphrodisias in Cilicia Trachea (Rough Cilicia), including its location, history and coinage.
- [Anemourion](https://dismountingrider.info/cilicia-trachea-in-the-classical-period/mints/about-anemourion/) - An overview of Anemourion in Cilicia Trachea (Rough Cilicia), including its location, history and coinage.
- [Site map](https://dismountingrider.info/site-map/) - Links to research on pre-Hellenistic coinage of Rough Cilicia, including catalogues, corpora, analyses, hoards, a coin collection, ancient texts and poetry.
- [Mints in the Classical Period](https://dismountingrider.info/cilicia-trachea-in-the-classical-period/mints/) - An overview of the mints active in Cilicia Trachea (Rough Cilicia) during the Classical period.
- [Cilicia Trachea](https://dismountingrider.info/cilicia-trachea-in-the-classical-period/cilicia-trachea/) - An overview of the geography and history of Cilicia Trachea (Rough Cilicia), including Greek settlement, Persian rule and Classical-period coinage.
- [Cilicia Trachea in the Classical Period](https://dismountingrider.info/cilicia-trachea-in-the-classical-period/) - An overview of Cilicia Trachea (Rough Cilicia) in the Classical period, including its history, cities, mints, and pre-Hellenistic coinage.
- [About](https://dismountingrider.info/about/) - Research into the pre-Hellenistic coinage of Cilicia Trachea (Rough Cilicia), with contact details and a list of the author’s numismatic publications.
- [Modern sources](https://dismountingrider.info/references/modern-sources/) - Agnosini, Matteo (2018). Rome in Constantinople: the Hippodrome in John Lydus’ De mensibus. Revue Belge de Philologie et d’Histoire 96 (3): 925–946. Electronic source: https://www.persee.fr/doc/rbph_0035-0818_2018_num_96_3_9182 (Persée) Alischan, S. M. (1898). Posidium in Coele-Syria. The Numismatic Chronicle (3rd Series), Vol. 18: 124–5. Electronic source: https://archive.org/details/numismaticchron35britgoog/mode/2up (Internet Archive) Anderson, John K. (1961). Ancient Greek Horsemanship. Berkeley and
- [Reflections of Antiquity in Modern Poetry](https://dismountingrider.info/reflections-of-antiquity-in-modern-poetry/) - A small selection of poems. Authors: William Bronk The Smile on the Face of a Kouros Charles Bryant A Day’s Riding Constantine Petrou Cavafy The Horses of Achilles, Thermopylae, Priest at the Serapeion, “The Rest I Will Tell to Those Down in Hades”, Athena’s Vote Michael Robert Collier Argos Peter Curman The Charioteer of Delphi
- [Joseph Fasano](https://dismountingrider.info/reflections-of-antiquity-in-modern-poetry/joseph-fasano/) - Odysseus Think of the moment before the moment. Before recognition. Before the nurse saw the boar’s scar coursing down his thigh where the world had first entered him in the forests of childhood. Before Penelope. Before his battle for her heart. Think of his moment alone on the shore, his sailors running up to
- [Group 1](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/holmoi-data/holmoi-data-group-1/) - Staters Third staters Obols Coin catalogue section: Holmoi, Group 1 Staters Type Ref. No. Reference Weight 1.1a HO1001 Nomos AG, Auction 19 (17 November 2019), Lot 175 (acsearch.info URL). 10.45 g 1.1b HO1002 Heritage Auctions, Inc., Auction 3073 (29 April 2019), Lot 30162 (acsearch.info URL). 10.02 g HO1003 Heritage Auctions, Inc., Auction 3067 (6 September
- [Overview](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/overview-data/) - Cilicia Trachea Other regions Cilicia Trachea Mint Denomination Corpus coin count Anemourion staters 2 Aphrodisias staters 4 obols 21 Holmoi staters 18 third staters 1 obols 84 hemiobols 5 bronze coins 8 Kelenderis staters 540 third staters 38 obols 241 hemiobols 55 bronze coins 22 fourrées 29 Nagidos staters 596 third staters 12 obols 235
- [Group 2](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/holmoi-data/holmoi-data-group-2/) - Staters Obols Hemiobols Bronze coins Coin catalogue section: Holmoi, Group 2 Staters Type Ref. No. Reference Weight 2.1a HO4001 Gorny & Mosch Giessener Münzhandlung, Auction 212 (5 March 2013), Lot 2168 (acsearch.info URL).Ex Gorny & Mosch Giessener Münzhandlung, Auction 247 (2006), Lot 2037.Test cut(s).* The coin appears to be heavily corroded and is therefore excluded
- [Holmoi](https://dismountingrider.info/personal-collection/holmoi-collection/) - AR Staters AR Obols Bronze coins AR Staters Identifier HOL-AR-05 Denomination: AR Stater Period: c. 2nd half of 5th century BC Detail Weight: 10.50 g Diameter: 18–19 mm Obverse: Youthful nude rider, holding reins in right hand and whip in left, dismounting from horse rearing to left on solid exergual line. Double strike and deep
- [Silver fractions](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/nagidos-data/nagidos-data-groups-567/) - Obols Hemiobols Tetartemorions Coin catalogue section: Nagidos, Silver fractions Obols Type Ref. No. Reference Weight 5.1– NA5001 SNG France 2, 11.Note: One of variants 5.1a, 5.1b or 5.1c. 0.68 g 5.1a NA5002 N&N London Ltd, Online Auction 35 (30 September 2023), Lot 236 (acsearch.info URL). 0.62 g NA5003 Leu Numismatik, Web Auction 27 (9 September
- [Obols](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/kelenderis-data/kelenderis-data-group-5/) - Coin catalogue section: Kelenderis, Obols Type Ref. No. Reference Weight 5.1 KE5001 Savoca Coins, 8th Blue Auction (14 July 2018), Lot 462 (acsearch.info URL). 0.68 g KE5002 DEMOS Auctions, Auction 6 (5 December 2021), Lot 364 (acsearch.info URL). 0.71 g KE5003 Classical Numismatic Group, Electronic Auction 230 (24 March 2010), Lot 116 (acsearch.info URL). 0.79
- [Fourrées](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/kelenderis-data/kelenderis-data-group-f/) - Coin catalogue section: Kelenderis, Fourrées Type Ref. No. Reference Weight 1 KE8001 N&N London Ltd, Online Auction 35 (30 September 2023), Lot 260 (acsearch.info URL).* Weight is given to the nearest tenth of a gram. 9.5 g* 2 KE8002 Rönesans Salzgitter GmbH, Auction 18 (12 April 2025), Lot 163 (biddr.com URL).* The coin is a
- [Fourrées](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/nagidos-data/nagidos-data-group-f/) - Coin catalogue sections: Nagidos, Fourrées Type Ref. No. Reference Weight 1 NA9001 Lederer 1931, 1c. 8.26 g 2 NA9002 Concordia Numismatic, Auction 10 (25 November 2023), Lot 327 (acsearch.info URL).Ex Roma Numismatics Limited, E-Sale 110 (3 August 2023), Lot 534 (acsearch.info URL).Ex Roma Numismatics Limited, E-Sale 7 (26 April 2014), Lot 769 (acsearch.info URL). 8.74
- [Kelenderis, Staters – Die link analysis of Group 3](https://dismountingrider.info/die-analyses/kelenderis-staters-group-3-die-link-analysis/) - Introductory Note Analyzed coins Die links Visual catalogue Introductory Note This section does not present a die analysis of the Kelenderis staters of Group 3, but only the identification of die links between their individual types and variants. This die link analysis is one of the bases for determining the relative chronology of the coin
- [Staters – Group 3](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/kelenderis-data/kelenderis-data-group-3/) - Coin catalogue section: Kelenderis, Staters – Group 3 Type Ref. No. Reference Weight 3.1– KE3001 Baldwin’s Auctions Ltd, Auction 34 (13 October 2003), Lot 179 (acsearch.info URL).Rev.: countermarks (wolf running l., crescent above; unidentified).Note: Variant 3.1a or 3.1b or 3.1c. 9.82 g KE3002 Leu Numismatik, Web Auction 24 (3 December 2022), Lot 1484 (acsearch.info URL).Ex
- [Countermarks](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/countermarks/) - Overview and iconography Representation of mints Basic observations Additional notes Summary tables Lists of countermarked coins Overview and iconography Within the pre-Hellenistic Cilicia Trachea, countermarks are found on the staters of the Holmoi, Kelenderis and Nagidos mints. Countermarks on lower denominations and countermarks on Anemourion, Aphrodisias and Pseudo-Kelenderis coins are not known. The following types
- [Other regions and uncertain mints](https://dismountingrider.info/personal-collection/other-regions-and-uncertain-mints-collection/) - AR Obols AR Tetartemorions AR Obols Ex The Collection of Jonathan H. Kagan.Ex Herbert Kreindler. Remarks: (1) According to Meshorer & Qedar 1999, p. 71, the minting of Samarian coins began around 372 BC and ended in 333/2 BC. (2) This coin resembles Nagidos obols of Type 5.5 with the head of Aphrodite wearing sphendone
- [Kelenderis](https://dismountingrider.info/personal-collection/kelenderis-collection/) - AR Staters AR Third staters AR Obols AR Hemiobols Bronze coins Uncertain issues AR Staters Ex Since the 1990s in a German private collection. Remarks: This coin differs from the coin KEL-AR-05 above in the way the rider’s chlamys is depicted. It shows the clasp of the chlamys on the rider’s chest near his right
- [Pseudo-Kelenderis mints](https://dismountingrider.info/personal-collection/pseudo-kelenderis-mints-collection/) - AR Staters Non-silver Staters AR Staters Ex Ira & Larry Goldberg Coins & Collectibles, Inc., Auction 32 (20 September 2005), Lot 3864. Ex Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG, Auction 20 (30 October 1991), Lot 201. Identifier PKE-AR-03 Denomination: AR Stater Period: 5th century BC Detail Weight: 10.80 g Diameter: 16–22 mm
- [Nagidos](https://dismountingrider.info/personal-collection/nagidos-collection/) - AR Staters AR Obols Bronze coins AR Staters Ex Jean Elsen & ses Fils S.A., Auction 9 (6 February 1988), Lot 69. Remarks: (1) This coin is an overstrike of a Soloi stater. See Coin Catalogue / Overstrikes / “Nagidos/Soloi, Specimen 1”. (2) The ear of corn is an unusual secondary symbol on Nagidos coins.
- [Hemiobols](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/kelenderis-data/kelenderis-data-group-6/) - Coin catalogue section: Kelenderis, Hemiobols Type Ref. No. Reference Weight 6.1a KE6053 The Münzkabinett of the Staatliche Museen of Berlin, Accession 1856/18269, Object number 18218087, Permalink https://ikmk.smb.museum/object?id=18218087. 0.45 g KE6001 Bay Numismatics B.V (Schiedam, Netherlands), Online Auction 10 (26 January 2025), Lot 117 (biddr.com URL).* The weight is given to the nearest tenth of a
- [ΠΟΣΙΔHIΣ coins](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/notes/posidium-coins/) - Summary Overview and iconography Weight analysis Attribution Summary Two types of obols are known with a bust of Athena facing three quarters to the right and wearing a triple-crested helmet on the obverse and a facing female head on the reverse. Coins of one of these two types bear the inscription ΠΟΣΙΔHIΣ on the reverse.
- [Iconographic index](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/iconographic-index/) - Deities and mythological figures Human figures Animals and mythical creatures Plant motifs and celestial symbols Objects Deities and mythological figures Aphrodite Aphrodisias: Catalogue page Holmoi: Uncertain issues Nagidos: Overview • Staters – Group 1 • Staters – Group 2 • Staters – Group 3 • Third staters • Silver fractions • Uncertain issues • Fourrées
- [Constantine Petrou Cavafy](https://dismountingrider.info/reflections-of-antiquity-in-modern-poetry/constantine-petrou-cavafy/) - The Horses of Achilles Thermopylae Priest at the Serapeion “The Rest I Will Tell to Those Down in Hades” Athena’s Vote The Horses of Achilles When they saw Patroklos dead —so brave and strong, so young— the horses of Achilles began to weep; their immortal nature was upset deeply by this work of death
- [Pseudo-Kelenderis mints](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/pseudo-kelenderis-mints-data/) - AR Staters Non-silver Staters Coin catalogue section: Pseudo-Kelenderis Mints AR Staters Type Ref. No. Reference Weight 1a PK1001 SNG Berry, no. 1258. 10.46 g 1b PK1002 Numismatik Naumann, Auction 55 (2 July 2017), Lot 359 (acsearch.info URL). 9.84 g PK1003 Naville Numismatics, Auction 81 (7 May 2023), Lot 180 (biddr.com URL).Ex Naville Numismatics, Auction 74
- [Third staters](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/kelenderis-data/kelenderis-data-group-4/) - Coin catalogue section: Kelenderis, Third staters Type Ref. No. Reference Weight 4.1 KE4001 Leu Numismatik, Web Auction 9 (7 September 2019), Lot 422 (acsearch.info URL). 3.59 g 4.2 KE4002 Concordia Numismatic, Auction 10 (25 November 2023), Lot 326 (acsearch.info URL).Ex Bucephalus Numismatic GmbH, Auction 15 (10 February 2023), Lot 557 (acsearch.info URL). 3.51 g KE4003
- [Distorted city ethnics](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/notes/distorted-city-ethnics/) - On some coins of Holmoi, Kelenderis and Nagidos, some letters of the city ethnic or the entire inscription are retrograde. More rarely, there are cases where the city ethnic is distorted or garbled. These phenomena do not occur on the two known specimens of the Anemourion coins. Coins uncertainly attributed to Aphrodisias are anepigraphic.
- [Test cuts](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/notes/test-cuts/) - Test cuts occur on staters from all mints in Cilicia Trachea with the exception of Aphrodisias, see Table 1. However, for Holmoi staters they occur only on coins from Group 2 and for Pseudo-Kelenderis staters only on Type 2 (represented by a single specimen so far). Usually the test cuts occur singly, but a
- [Staters – Group 2](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/nagidos-data/nagidos-data-group-2/) - Coin catalogue section: Nagidos, Staters – Group 2 Type Ref. No. Reference Weight 2.1 NA2001 Lederer 1931, 20 = SNG France 2, 23.Note: The weight of 9.91 g is taken from the published SNG, while Lederer lists the weight of this coin as 9.96 g and the electronic BnF catalogue lists this coin as an
- [Staters – Group 3](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/nagidos-data/nagidos-data-group-3/) - Coin catalogue section: Nagidos, Staters – Group 3 Type Ref. No. Reference Weight 3.1a NA3001 Lederer 1931, 36 = Imhoof-Blumer 1902, p. 476, 3 = The Münzkabinett of the Staatliche Museen of Berlin, Accession 1852/9943, Object number 18302935, Permalink https://ikmk.smb.museum/object?id=18302935.Note: Lederer states the weight of 9.87 g. 9.87 g NA3002 London Coins LTD, Auction 166
- [Anemourion](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/anemourion-data/) - Coin catalogue section: Anemourion Type Ref. No. Reference Weight 1 AN1001 The Münzkabinett of the Staatliche Museen of Berlin, Accession 1915/857, Object number 18300894, Permalink https://ikmk.smb.museum/object?id=18300894.(diameter 25 mm, die axis 12 h) 9.52 g AN1002 Numismatica Ars Classica NAC AG, February Sale 2026 (28 February 2026), Lot 425 (acsearch.info URL).Ex Roma Numismatics Limited, E-Sale 70
- [Cut-off fragments of coins](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/notes/cut-off-fragments-of-coins/) - In some regions and in some periods of antiquity, silver coins were sometimes divided into smaller parts. So far I know of only one cut-off fragment of a pre-Hellenistic coin from Cilicia Trachea. It is a stater of Type 2.3b–c (c. 450–405 BC) from the Kelenderis mint (Figure 1): Weight: 3.66 g Diameter: 18.2
- [Using a Kelenderis stater as a matrix](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/notes/using-a-kelenderis-stater-as-a-matrix/) - At the auction No. 164 held by Antique Arena Inc. (USA) on June 29, 2024, a gold ornament or appliqué was offered as Lot 296, see Figure 1. This thin gold object is circular with four holes around its circumference, which were probably used to attach it to some kind of base, most likely
- [The shape of goat horns on Kelenderis coins](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/notes/the-shape-of-goat-horns-on-kelenderis-coins/) - On Kelenderis coins depicting goats, the goat has horns curved upwards at the ends. Depictions of goats with horns shaped in this way were common on coins in the Archaic and Classical periods in many regions across the Greek world, examples are shown in Figures 1–7. Depictions of goats with curved horns at the
- [Bronze coins](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/nagidos-data/nagidos-data-group-8/) - Coin catalogue sections: Nagidos, Bronze coins;Nagidos, Uncertain issues Type Ref. No. Reference Weight 8.1– NA8001 Numismad.com Marcin Surgiewicz-Śliwiński, Auction 5 (12 November 2022), Lot 315 (acsearch.info URL).Ex Numismad.com Marcin Surgiewicz-Śliwiński, Auction 4 (24 September 2022), Lot 380 (acsearch.info URL). 1.09 g NA8002 Numismad.com Marcin Surgiewicz-Śliwiński, Auction 10 (6 October 2023), Lot 318 (acsearch.info URL). 1.23
- [Notes](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/notes/) - Brief notes on the coins represented in this catalogue. General notes: Gods and goddesses on coins of Cilicia Trachea A brief overview of the deities depicted on coins of Cilicia Trachea minted in the Classical period. Distorted city ethnics Retrograde and garbled inscriptions on coins of Holmoi, Kelenderis and Nagidos. Test cuts Test cuts on
- [Weight Analyses](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/) - Weight analyses of datasets in the Coin Corpus. Analyses are gradually added and updated as the corpus increases. Sections: Aphrodisias Holmoi Kelenderis Nagidos Pseudo-Kelenderis mints Comparative analyses Fourrées
- [Die Analyses](https://dismountingrider.info/die-analyses/) - Die analyses of datasets in the Coin Corpus. Analyses are gradually added. Aphrodisias: Staters Obols Holmoi: Staters – Group 1 Staters – Group 2 Kelenderis: Staters – Group 1 Staters – Die link analysis of Group 2 Staters – Die link analysis of Group 3
- [Alicia Elsbeth Stallings](https://dismountingrider.info/reflections-of-antiquity-in-modern-poetry/alicia-elsbeth-stallings/) - Argos, Odysseus’s Dog The Charioteer Argos, Odysseus’s Dog (See The Odyssey 17.290–327) Another hunting dog poem, i.m. Timothy Murphy Argos, with your mange-scabbed coat, Shipwreck of ribs, washed up among The midden’s refuse, the mules’ dung, Do you still track the wild goat Through dreams of oregano and thyme? You lift your head and
- [Michael Robert Collier](https://dismountingrider.info/reflections-of-antiquity-in-modern-poetry/michael-robert-collier/) - Argos If you think Odysseus too strong and brave to cry, that the god-loved, god-protected hero when he returned to Ithaka disguised, intent to check up on his wife and candidly apprize the condition of his kingdom, steeled himself resolutely against surprise and came into his land cold-hearted, clear-eyed, ready for revenge — then you read
- [Keki Nasserwanji Daruwalla](https://dismountingrider.info/reflections-of-antiquity-in-modern-poetry/keki-nasserwanji-daruwalla/) - The Poseidonians (After Cavafy) [We behave like] the Poseidonians in the Tyrrhenian Gulf, who although of Greek origin, became barbarized as Tyrrhenians or Romans and changed their speech and the customs of their ancestors. But they observe one Greek festival even to this day; during this they gather together and call up from memory
- [The κέλης and the κελάδες](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/notes/kelenderis-goat/) - Colin M. Kraay hypothesized in his book Archaic and Classical Greek Coins1 that both the dismounting rider on the obverse and the goat on the reverse of the Kelenderis staters are punning allusions to the city name: On the obverse a young horseman is dismounting, and on the reverse is the forepart of a
- [Staters – Group 2](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/kelenderis-data/kelenderis-data-group-2/) - Coin catalogue section: Kelenderis, Staters – Group 2 Type Ref. No. Reference Weight 2.1a KE2001 Gorny & Mosch Giessener Münzhandlung, Auction 190 (11 October 2010), Lot 313 (acsearch.info URL). 10.68 g 2.1b KE2002 BMC 21, p. 52, 5 = The British Museum (London), museum number RPK,p114B.1.Cel. 10.76 g 2.2a KE2003 Coll. P. Veselý, KEL-AR-09.Ex Dr.
- [Comparison of denominations](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/comparative-analyses/comparative-analyses-comparison-of-denominations/) - Analyzed coins Analysis Analyzed coins Coin catalogue sections: Anemourion, Aphrodisias, Holmoi, Kelenderis, Nagidos, Pseudo-Kelenderis Mints Coin corpus datasets: Anemourion, Aphrodisias, Staters, Holmoi, Group 1, Holmoi, Group 2, Kelenderis, Staters – Group 1, Kelenderis, Staters – Group 2, Kelenderis, Staters – Group 3, Nagidos, Staters – Group 1, Nagidos, Staters – Group 2, Nagidos, Staters –
- [Aspendos, Tarsos and Cilicia Trachea](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/comparative-analyses/comparative-analyses-aspendos-tarsos-cilicia-trachea/) - Summary Analyzed coins Analysis Summary The subject of this analysis is a comparison of the weights of pre-Hellenistic and early Hellenistic staters from the Aspendos mint and pre-Hellenistic staters from the Tarsos mint during the reigns of the satraps Tiribazos to Balakros with the pre-Hellenistic staters of the mints of Cilicia Trachea. The results indicate
- [Staters of Cilicia Trachea](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/comparative-analyses/comparative-analyses-cilicia-trachea-staters/) - Summary Analyzed coins Analysis Summary Pre-Hellenistic silver staters minted in the mints of Anemourion, Aphrodisias, Holmoi, Kelenderis, Nagidos, and Pseudo-Kelenderis can be divided into two major groups based on their weight. Assuming that these mints used the same weight standard during the same time periods, and assuming that the weight standard was not increased over
- [Fourrées](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/fourrees-weight-analysis/) - Summary Analyzed coins Analysis Summary The weights of fourrées that imitate the official staters of cities of Kelenderis and Nagidos are examined. The analysed specimens of fourrées imitating Nagidos staters are mostly heavier than the analysed specimens of fourrées imitating Kelenderis staters: the differences between the average and median weights of these two groups are
- [Pseudo-Kelenderis mints](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/pseudo-kelenderis-mints-weight-analyses/) - Analyzed coins Analysis Analyzed coins Coin catalogue section: Pseudo-Kelenderis Mints Coin corpus dataset: Pseudo-Kelenderis Mints The number of analysed coins is given in Table 1. Coins whose weight is unknown or whose weight data are unreliable or are excessively corroded or damaged are excluded from the analysis. Corpus Number of coins as of 2 November
- [Bronze coins](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/nagidos-weight-analyses/nagidos-bronze-coins-weight-analysis/) - Analyzed coins Analysis Analyzed coins Coin catalogue sections: Nagidos, Bronze coins;Nagidos, Uncertain issues, Type XB.1 Coin corpus datasets: Nagidos, Bronze coins The numbers of analysed coins are given in Table 1. Coins whose weight is unknown or whose weight data are unreliable or are excessively corroded or damaged are excluded from the analysis. Corpus Number
- [Silver fractions](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/nagidos-weight-analyses/nagidos-silver-fractions-weight-analysis/) - Summary Analyzed coins Obols Lower silver denominations Summary The data suggest that obols can be divided into three groups based on their weight: Types 5.10–11 (Group 5A), Types 5.1–9 and 5.13 (Group 5B), and Type 5.12 (Group 5C). These groups probably correspond to the relative chronology of obol coinage. The decreases in the weight standard
- [Third staters](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/nagidos-weight-analyses/nagidos-third-staters-weight-analysis/) - Analyzed coins Analysis Analyzed coins Coin catalogue section: Nagidos, Third staters Coin corpus datasets: Nagidos, Third staters The numbers of analysed coins are given in Table 1. Coins whose weight is unknown or whose weight data are unreliable or are excessively corroded or damaged are excluded from the analysis. Corpus Number of coins as of
- [Staters](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/nagidos-weight-analyses/nagidos-staters-weight-analysis/) - Summary Analyzed coins Analysis Summary In the Coin Catalogue, the Nagidos staters are divided into three groups. It appears that the weight standard used for coins of Group 2 was approximately 0.11 g heavier than the weight standard used for Group 1, with the lowest weight standard being used for coins of Group 3 (approximately
- [Bronze coins](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/kelenderis-weight-analyses/kelenderis-bronze-coins-weight-analysis/) - Analyzed coins Analysis Analyzed coins Coin catalogue section: Kelenderis Coin corpus datasets: Kelenderis, Bronze coins The numbers of analysed coins are given in Table 1. Coins whose weight is unknown or whose weight data are unreliable or are excessively corroded or damaged are excluded from the analysis. Corpus Number of coins as of 1 November
- [Hemiobols](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/kelenderis-weight-analyses/kelenderis-hemiobols-weight-analysis/) - Summary Analyzed coins Analysis Summary Hemiobols can be divided into two groups. The first consists of Types 6.1–2 (Group 6A) and the second of Types 6.3–6 (Group 6B), with the second group characterized by a lower weight standard than the first group. The differences in the mean and median observed weights of the two groups
- [Obols](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/kelenderis-weight-analyses/kelenderis-obols-weight-analysis/) - Summary Analyzed coins Analysis Summary Although the data sample cannot yet be considered fully representative, the basic analysis below so far indicates the following: Two significant decreases in the weight standard can be observed, which divide the obols into three groups: Types 5.1–8 (Group 5A), Types 5.9–12 (Group 5B) and Types 5.13–14 (Group 5C). These
- [Third staters](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/kelenderis-weight-analyses/kelenderis-third-staters-weight-analysis/) - Summary Analyzed coins Analysis Summary Third staters can be divided into two groups. The first consists of Types 4.1–2 (Group 4A) and the second of Types 4.3–10 (Group 4B), with the second group characterized by a slightly lower weight standard than the first group and at the same time a higher dispersion of coin weights.
- [Staters](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/kelenderis-weight-analyses/kelenderis-staters-weight-analysis/) - Summary Analyzed coins Analysis Summary Although the data samples cannot yet be considered fully representative, the basic analysis below so far indicates the following: Coins in Groups 1 and 2 were probably minted in the same (or very similar) weight standard. The weight standards in Groups 1 and 2 and for some types of Group
- [Aphrodisias](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/aphrodisias-weight-analyses/) - Analyzed coins Analysis Analyzed coins Coin catalogue sections: Aphrodisias Coin corpus datasets: Aphrodisias, Staters;Aphrodisias, Obols The numbers of analysed coins are given in Table 1. Coins whose weight is unknown or whose weight data are unreliable or are excessively corroded or damaged are excluded from the analysis. Corpus Number of coins as of 30 October
- [Bronze coins](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/holmoi-weight-analyses/holmoi-bronze-coins-weight-analysis/) - Analyzed coins Analysis Analyzed coins Coin catalogue section: Holmoi Coin corpus datasets: Holmoi, Group 2 The numbers of analysed coins are given in Table 1. Coins whose weight is unknown or whose weight data are unreliable or are excessively corroded or damaged are excluded from the analysis. Corpus Number of coins as of 30 October
- [Silver fractions](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/holmoi-weight-analyses/holmoi-silver-fractions-weight-analysis/) - Analyzed coins Analysis Analyzed coins Coin catalogue section: Holmoi Coin corpus datasets: Holmoi, Group 1, Holmoi, Group 2 Remark: The third staters are represented by a single specimen in Group 1 (Type 1.2) weighing 2.96 g. Only obols and hemiobols are analysed on this page. The numbers of analysed coins are given in Table 1.
- [Staters](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/holmoi-weight-analyses/holmoi-staters-weight-analysis/) - Analyzed coins Analysis Analyzed coins Coin catalogue section: Holmoi Coin corpus datasets: Holmoi, Group 1, Holmoi, Group 2 The numbers of analysed coins are given in Table 1. Coins whose weight is unknown or whose weight data are unreliable or are excessively corroded or damaged are excluded from the analysis. From Group 2, the coin
- [Staters – Group 1](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/nagidos-data/nagidos-data-group-1/) - Coin catalogue section: Nagidos, Staters – Group 1 Type Ref. No. Reference Weight 1.1– NA1141 The Münzkabinett of the Staatliche Museen of Berlin, Accession 1900 Imhoof-Blumer, Object number 18302811, Permalink https://ikmk.smb.museum/object?id=18302811. 10.46 g NA1001 Numismatik Naumann, Auction 86 (2 February 2020), Lot 240 (acsearch.info URL). 10.50 g NA1002 Roma Numismatics Limited, Auction 23 (24 March
- [Kelenderis, Staters – Die link analysis of Group 2](https://dismountingrider.info/die-analyses/kelenderis-staters-group-2-die-link-analysis/) - Introductory Note Analyzed coins Die links Visual catalogue Introductory Note This section does not present a die analysis of the Kelenderis staters of Group 2, but only the identification of die links between their individual types and variants. This die link analysis is one of the bases for determining the relative chronology of the coin
- [Kelenderis, Staters – Group 1](https://dismountingrider.info/die-analyses/kelenderis-staters-group-1-die-analysis/) - Analyzed coins Die analysis Visual catalogue Analyzed coins Coin catalogue section: Kelenderis, Group 1 Coin corpus datasets: Kelenderis, Group 1 The number of analyzed coins recorded in the Corpus as of 9 May 2025 is presented in Table 1. Type Count 1.1 2 1.2 2 1.3a 1 1.3b 9 Total 14 Table 1: Number of
- [Alexandrine coins of Nagidos](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/notes/alexandrine-coins-of-nagidos/) - There are early Alexandrine tetradrachms whose style is similar to that of the late lifetime issues of Tarsos coins in the name of Alexander the Great, and which have a grape hanging from a vine branch in the left field of the reverse (Price 1991, p. 369, Nos. 2988–9; Newell 1912, p. 41, Nos.
- [Bronze coins](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/kelenderis-data/kelenderis-data-group-7/) - Coin catalogue section: Kelenderis, Bronze coins Type Ref. No. Reference Weight 7.1a KE7001 Coll. P. Veselý, KEL-AE-01.Ex Numismad.com Marcin Surgiewicz-Śliwiński, Auction 20 (27 December 2024), Lot 462 (acsearch.info URL). 1.30 g 7.1b KE7002 Numismatik Naumann, Auction 69 (2 September 2018), Lot 170 (acsearch.info URL). 1.00 g KE7003 Numismad.com Marcin Surgiewicz-Śliwiński, Auction 20 (27 December 2024),
- [Third staters](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/nagidos-data/nagidos-data-group-4/) - Coin catalogue section: Nagidos, Third staters Type Ref. No. Reference Weight 4.1 NA4001 Lederer 1931, 29A, a = BMC 21, p. 112, 14 = The British Museum (London), museum number 1893,1004.26. 3.20 g NA4002 Lederer 1931, 29A, b = SNG France 2, 27. 3.37 g NA4003 Numismatik Naumann, Auction 98 (3 January 2021), Lot 404
- [Position of the he-goat on the Kelenderis staters](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/notes/position-of-the-he-goat-on-the-kelenderis-staters/) - The symbol of Kelenderis is the he-goat, which is found on all staters, thirds staters and bronze coins, as well as on many issues of obols and hemiobols (see section Kelenderis / Overview in this catalogue). As can be seen on the coins on which the goat is depicted in its entirety, it is
- [List of hoards](https://dismountingrider.info/hoards/list-of-hoards/) - Overview Hoards Overview Treasure data is drawn from the CoinHoards project, from the publications Coin Hoards, Vols. I–X, by the Royal Numismatic Society and the American Numismatic Society, and from Vismara 1999. All coins are silver. Hoard Burial (c.) Holmoi Kelenderis Nagidos Pseudo-Kelenderis IGCH 1255 400 BC c. 1000 staters Lycia(?) 1973(?) / Franke 400
- [Obols](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/aphrodisias-data/aphrodisias-data-obols/) - Coin catalogue section: Aphrodisias Note: As stated in the catalogue, variant 2a differs from variant 2b only by the absence of the sceptre in Aphrodite’s left hand. For coins that are classified as variant 2b in the table below and yet the left hand of Aphrodite is outside the flan, their identification is based on
- [Silver-plated fractions](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/notes/silver-plated-fractions/) - This catalogue contains silver-plated Kelenderis and Nagidos staters, but no silver-plated lower denominations. However, this method of coin counterfeiting was also applied to Cilician fractions in antiquity, as the examples below show. It cannot therefore be ruled out that silver-plated third staters or fractions imitating the known production of some mints in Cilicia Trachea
- [Holmoi and Side](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/notes/holmoi-and-side/) - The Holmoi staters of Type 2.1 (Figure 1) are iconographically similar to staters of the city of Side in Pamphylia of the type Athena holding Nike and a shield on the obverse and Apollo holding a laurel sceptre and making a libation on the reverse (Figures 2–3). The aphlaston in the outstretched hands of
- [Coin Corpus](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/) - The purpose of this coin corpus is to provide representative data samples for weight and die-link analyses, not a database of all known specimens. Therefore, with the exception of rare types and variants or important dies, the presented datasets do not include coins that are excessively worn, excessively corroded, incomplete (i.e. clipped coins or coins
- [Holmoi, Staters – Group 2](https://dismountingrider.info/die-analyses/holmoi-staters-group-2-die-analysis/) - Analyzed coins Die analysis Visual catalogue Analyzed coins Coin catalogue section: Holmoi, Group 2 Coin corpus datasets: Holmoi, Group 2 The number of analyzed coins recorded in the Corpus as of 16 July 2025 is presented in Table 1. Type Count 2.1a 2 2.1b 3 2.1c 2 2.1d 2 Total 9 Table 1: Number of
- [Holmoi, Staters – Group 1](https://dismountingrider.info/die-analyses/holmoi-staters-group-1-die-analysis/) - Analyzed coins Die analysis Visual catalogue Analyzed coins Coin catalogue section: Holmoi, Group 1 Coin corpus datasets: Holmoi, Group 1 The number of analyzed coins recorded in the Corpus as of 4 May 2025 is presented in Table 1. Type Count 1.1a 1 1.1b 7 1.2 1 Total 9 Table 1: Number of analyzed coins
- [Tarsos, staters after <i>c.</i> 388 BC](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/mints-outside-cilicia-trachea-data/tarsos-2-staters-data/) - Tiribazos Pharnabazos Datames (Tarkumuwa) Mazaios Balakros Tiribazos Series 1 Obverse: Baaltars standing half-left, holding eagle and lotus-tipped scepter. Reverse: Ahura-Mazda facing, head right, body terminating in solar disk with wings and tail feathers, holding up wreath and lotus blossom. Ref. No. Reference Weight TA1001 H. D. Rauch GmbH, E-Auction 13 (28 June 2013), Lot
- [Aspendos, staters](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/mints-outside-cilicia-trachea-data/aspendos-staters-data/) - Warrior / Triskeles Wrestlers / Slinger Warrior / Triskeles Obverse: Warrior advancing right, holding shield and spear. Reverse: Triskeles within incuse square. Ref. No. Reference Weight AS1001 Roma Numismatics Limited, E-Sale 116 (18 January 2024), Lot 303 (acsearch.info URL). 10.57 g AS1002 SNG France 3, 3. 10.65 g AS1003 Roma Numismatics Limited, E-Sale 116
- [Aphrodisias, Staters](https://dismountingrider.info/die-analyses/aphrodisias-staters-die-analysis/) - Analyzed coins Die analysis Visual catalogue Analyzed coins Coin catalogue section: Aphrodisias Coin corpus datasets: Aphrodisias, Staters The number of analyzed coins recorded in the Corpus as of 15 July 2025 is presented in Table 1. Type Count 1 4 Total 4 Table 1: Number of analyzed coins Die analysis An overview of dies is
- [Aphrodisias, Obols](https://dismountingrider.info/die-analyses/aphrodisias-obols-die-analysis/) - Analyzed coins Die analysis Visual catalogue Analyzed coins Coin catalogue section: Aphrodisias Coin corpus datasets: Aphrodisias, Obols The number of analyzed coins recorded in the Corpus as of 2 June 2025 is presented in Table 1 (for the coin with Ref. No. 1 it is impossible to decide whether it is variant 2a or 2b).
- [Staters – Group 1](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/kelenderis-data/kelenderis-data-group-1/) - Coin catalogue section: Kelenderis, Staters – Group 1 Type Ref. No. Reference Weight 1.1 KE1001 SNG Levante, 17 = Baldwin's Auctions Ltd, Auction 34 (13 October 2003), Lot 165 (acsearch.info URL) = Baldwin's Auctions Ltd, Auction 37 (4 May 2003), Lot 699 (acsearch.info URL).Test cut(s). 10.56 g KE1002 Gorny & Mosch Giessener Münzhandlung, Auction 169
- [Staters](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/aphrodisias-data/aphrodisias-data-staters/) - Coin catalogue section: Aphrodisias Type Ref. No. Reference Weight 1 AP1001 BMC 21, p. 112, 15 = The British Museum, 1867,1226.1 = Sear 2, 5523 = Imhoof-Blumer 1902, p. 434, 1, 4th specimen. 9.88 g AP1002 The Münzkabinett of the Kunsthistorische Museum in Vienna, Inv.-No. GR 19138 = Imhoof-Blumer 1902, p. 434, 1, 3rd specimen
- [Monetary equivalents in the Persepolis Treasury Tablets](https://dismountingrider.info/ancient-excerpts/persians/the-persepolis-treasury-tablets/) - The so-called Persepolis Treasury Tablets were written in the period 492–460 BC and with the exception of one tablet, all are written in Elamite (Cameron 1948, p. 1). These tablets were found during excavations at Persepolis in 1936–38 in a block of buildings that were identified as the royal treasury. Note that this Persepolis
- [Persians](https://dismountingrider.info/ancient-excerpts/persians/) - Herodotus on the Persians Histories, 1.131–140 The Persians formerly and in the time of Xenophon Characterization of the Persians in Xenophon’s Cyropaedia Monetary equivalents in the Persepolis Treasury Tablets Values of some commodities expressed in weight of silver
- [Orientation of the Kelenderis staters](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/notes/kelenderis-orientation/) - Kelenderis staters bear a rider on the obverse and a goat on the reverse throughout the pre-Hellenistic period. From an iconographic point of view, only some design elements were changed: the replacement of the front part of the goat with the whole animal after the early phase of the minting of these coins, the
- [Chariot racing in Greek sources](https://dismountingrider.info/ancient-excerpts/ancient-horsemanship/chariot-racing-in-greek-sources/) - Homer Hesiod Sophocles Demosthenes Theokritos Pausanias Nonnos Homer, Iliad: Chariot race at the funeral games for Patroklos (before 6th century BC) When they’d made the mound, they started to return. But Achilles checked them, keeping soldiers there. He asked them to sit down in a wide group. Then he brought prizes from his ship— cauldrons,
- [Ancient sources](https://dismountingrider.info/references/ancient-sources/) - Aeschylus: Persians. Translated by Herbert Weir Smyth. William Heinemann, London, 1922. Electronic source: http://data.perseus.org/texts/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0085.tlg002.perseus-eng1 (The Perseus Digital Library) Christopher of Mytilene: The Poems. In Bernard, Floris, and Livanos, Christopher (2018), The Poems of Christopher of Mytilene and John Mauropous, Cambridge, Massachusetts – London, England: Harvard University Press. Demosthenes: Funeral speech (Oration LX), Erotic essay (Oration
- [Mints outside Cilicia Trachea](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/mints-outside-cilicia-trachea-data/) - The purpose of these data on selected coin issues outside the area of Cilicia Trachea is to allow the production of mints in Cilicia Trachea to be placed in a broader context in terms of the development of the Persian weight standard and the chronology of coinage. These data are of an auxiliary nature and
- [Ships on early Holmoi coins](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/notes/ships-on-early-holmoi-coins/) - The reverse of all early Holmoi coins, which are classified in this catalogue as Group 1, show ship’s sterns. The nearest mint that depicted ship’s sterns on the reverse of its coins is Phaselis in Lycia. It is likely that the Phaselis coins were the inspiration for the reverses of these Holmoi coins, just
- [Countermarks of Kelenderis](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/notes/countermarks-of-kelenderis/) - A particularly large number of countermarks are found on the coins of Aspendos in Pamphylia and Selge in Pisidia. These are staters with a warrior on the obverse and a triskeles of human legs on the reverse (Aspendos), staters with wrestlers on the obverse and a slinger on the reverse (Aspendos, Selge), and drachms
- [Comparative analyses](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/comparative-analyses/) - Comparisons of weight standards. Sections: Staters of Cilicia Trachea Comparison of denominations Aspendos, Tarsos and Cilicia Trachea
- [Cilicia in Herodotus’ <i>Histories</i>](https://dismountingrider.info/ancient-excerpts/cilicia/cilicia-in-herodotus-histories/) - Translated by A. D. Godley List Excerpts List of mentions of Cilicia 1.28 Cilicia and Lycia were not subject to the Lydian king Croesus (ca. 585 – 546 BC). 1.72 The river Halys and Cilicia. 1.74 The ruler of Cilicia together with the king of Babylon brokered a peace agreement between Lydia and
- [Kelenderis](https://dismountingrider.info/hoards/kelenderis-coin-hoards/) - Staters Silver fractions The tables below map the coin types and their variants according to the Coin Catalogue to the coins in the published descriptions of individual coin hoards. For each hoard, the column labeled ‘&num;’ shows numbers of coins and the column ‘Ref.’ shows references in published sources. Staters References: IGCH 1255: Kraay
- [Kelenderis](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/kelenderis-data/) - The distribution of coins into groups corresponds to the Kelenderis section in the Coin Catalogue. Sections: Staters – Group 1 Staters – Group 2 Staters – Group 3 Third staters Obols Hemiobols Bronze coins Fourrées
- [Personal Collection](https://dismountingrider.info/personal-collection/) - This small collection contains mainly coins of Cilicia Trachea from its beginnings to the end of the 4th century BC. All these coins were acquired legally and in good faith. I feel I am only their custodian and I want to pass them on to future generations in the same condition in which I acquired
- [Two unusual coins of Prince Ernest of Windisch-Graetz](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/notes/two-unusual-coins-of-prince-ernest-of-windisch-graetz/) - Between 1895 and 1917 a seven-volume catalogue of the numismatic collection of Prince Ernest of Windisch-Graetz1 was published. The fifth volume is devoted to Greek coins and was written by Dr. Josef Scholz, see Scholz 1899. On pp. 112–113 of this fifth volume, two remarkable coins from the Kelenderis mint are listed under catalogue
- [Gods and goddesses on coins of Cilicia Trachea](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-catalogue/notes/gods-and-goddesses-on-coins-of-cilicia-trachea/) - The following table shows the occurrence of deities on coins of Cilicia Trachea minted in the pre-Hellenistic period. The table does not distinguish whether the deities are depicted on the obverse or reverse of the coins. The last row includes coins without an explicit depiction of a deity. These coins depict mythical creatures such
- [William Bronk](https://dismountingrider.info/reflections-of-antiquity-in-modern-poetry/william-bronk/) - The Smile on the Face of a Kouros This boy, of course, was dead, whatever that might mean. And nobly dead. I think we should feel he was nobly dead. He fell in battle, perhaps, and this carved stone remembers him not as he may have looked, but as if to define the naked
- [Robert Cameron Rogers](https://dismountingrider.info/reflections-of-antiquity-in-modern-poetry/robert-cameron-rogers/) - A Sleeping Priestess of Aphrodite She dreams of Love upon the temple stair, — About her feet the lithe green lizards play In all the drowsy, warm, Sicilian air. The winds have loosed the fillet from her hair; Sea winds, salt-lipped, that laugh and seem to say: “She dreams of Love, upon the temple
- [Ancient horsemanship](https://dismountingrider.info/ancient-excerpts/ancient-horsemanship/) - Horsemanship in the Greek Anthology Books V, VI, VII, IX and XIII Chariot racing in Greek sources Homer, Hesiod, Sophocles, Demosthenes, Theokritos, Pausanias and Nonnos Chariot racing in Roman sources Virgil, Ovid, Statius, Silius Italicus and Sidonius Apollinaris Chariot racing in Byzantine sources John Lydus and Christopher of Mytilene
- [Aphrodisias](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/aphrodisias-data/) - The distribution of coins into groups corresponds to the Aphrodisias section in the Coin Catalogue. Sections: Staters Obols
- [Nagidos](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/nagidos-weight-analyses/) - The distribution of coins into groups corresponds to the Nagidos section in the Coin Catalogue. Sections: Staters Third staters Silver fractions Bronze coins
- [Nagidos](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/nagidos-data/) - The distribution of coins into groups corresponds to the Nagidos section in the Coin Catalogue. Sections: Staters – Group 1 Staters – Group 2 Staters – Group 3 Third staters Silver fractions Bronze coins Fourrées
- [Andrew Davis](https://dismountingrider.info/reflections-of-antiquity-in-modern-poetry/andrew-davis/) - A krater: Achilles and Ajax playing backgammon I forget, precisely, how their bodies are composed, But I see them with helmets and attenuated limbs, Powerful shoulders, delicate, feminine hands; A slender spear propped lightly on each shoulder Supports an arm, or relaxed, undangerous fist. They’re waiting for the fighting to begin, And meanwhile it’s
- [Lorentzos Mavilis](https://dismountingrider.info/reflections-of-antiquity-in-modern-poetry/lorentzos-mavilis/) - Kallipáteira “O high–born Rhodian lady, how came you to our door? For women are debarred from here by usages of yore.” “My nephew’s name is Eukles; my father and my son, and my three brothers, all of these Olympic glory won. “Judges of Greece, their merits bespeak my right to pass, proud of their
- [Charles Bryant](https://dismountingrider.info/reflections-of-antiquity-in-modern-poetry/charles-bryant/) - A Day’s Riding The long afternoons still heavy with heat, the forests begin their turning: multi-coloured through shades of gold and brown. In the warm breeze the labouring crows ascend, calling to each other, their voices remote. Empty plains a-shimmer with somnolent mirage, the men drowse on horseback, horses half asleep. Nothing for miles
- [Excerpts from Ancient Texts](https://dismountingrider.info/ancient-excerpts/) - Selected excerpts from ancient Greek and Latin texts Sections: Cilicia Persians Ancient horsemanship
- [References](https://dismountingrider.info/references/) - Lists of references used on this website. Sections: Ancient sources Modern sources
- [Kelenderis](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/kelenderis-weight-analyses/) - The distribution of coins into groups corresponds to the Kelenderis section in the Coin Catalogue. Sections: Staters Third staters Obols Hemiobols Bronze coins
- [Holmoi](https://dismountingrider.info/weight-analyses/holmoi-weight-analyses/) - The distribution of coins into groups corresponds to the Holmoi section in the Coin Catalogue. Sections: Staters Silver fractions Bronze coins
- [Hoards](https://dismountingrider.info/hoards/) - Catalogue of published hoards containing pre-Hellenistic coins of Cilicia Trachea.(This section is under construction.) Sections: List of hoards Kelenderis
- [Holmoi](https://dismountingrider.info/coin-corpus/holmoi-data/) - The distribution of coins into groups corresponds to the Holmoi section in the Coin Catalogue. Sections: Group 1 Group 2
- [Cilicia](https://dismountingrider.info/ancient-excerpts/cilicia/) - Cilicia in Herodotus’ Histories Information about Cilicia in Herodotus’ monumental work Cilicia in Xenophon’s Cyropaedia Mentions of Cilicia in Xenophon’s partly fictional biography of Cyrus the Great
- [The Persians formerly and in the time of Xenophon](https://dismountingrider.info/ancient-excerpts/persians/cyropaedia-on-the-persians/) - Translated by Walter Miller That Cyrus’s empire1 was the greatest and most glorious of all the kingdoms in Asia—of that it may be its own witness. For it was bounded on the east by the Indian Ocean, on the north by the Black Sea, on the west by Cyprus and Egypt, and on the
- [Cilicia in Xenophon’s <i>Cyropaedia</i>](https://dismountingrider.info/ancient-excerpts/cilicia/cilicia-in-cyropaedia/) - Translated by Walter Miller List Excerpts List of mentions of Cilicia 1.1.4 The territories ruled by Cyrus the Great. 1.5.2–3 Cilicia, along with other Assyrian vassals and allies, is called to war against the Medes and Persians. 2.1.4–5 The Carians, Cilicians and Paphlagonians did not join the Assyrian king’s campaign against the Medes
- [Herodotus on the Persians](https://dismountingrider.info/ancient-excerpts/persians/herodotus-on-the-persians/) - Translated and annotated by A. D. Godley [131] As to the customs of the Persians, I know them to be these. It is not their custom to make and set up statues and temples and altars, but those who do such things they think foolish, because, I suppose, they have never believed the gods
- [David Herbert Lawrence](https://dismountingrider.info/reflections-of-antiquity-in-modern-poetry/david-herbert-lawrence/) - The Argonauts The Greeks Are Coming! Bavarian Gentians The Argonauts They are not dead, they are not dead! Now that the sun, like a lion, licks his paws and goes slowly down the hill: now that the moon, who remembers, and only cares that we should be lovely in the flesh, with bright, crescent
- [John Keats](https://dismountingrider.info/reflections-of-antiquity-in-modern-poetry/john-keats/) - Ode on a Grecian Urn On First Looking Into Chapman’s Homer To Homer Ode on a Grecian Urn Thou still unravish’d bride of quietness, Thou foster-child of Silence and slow Time, Sylvan historian, who canst thus express A flowery tale more sweetly than our rhyme: What leaf-fringed legend haunts about thy shape Of deities
- [Angelos Sikelianos](https://dismountingrider.info/reflections-of-antiquity-in-modern-poetry/angelos-sikelianos/) - Anadyomenê (Aphrodite Rising) Calypso’s Song On Acrocorinth The Horses of Achilles Frieze Anadyomenê (Aphrodite Rising) In blessed rosy light of dawn I surge, My arms the first to rise. Divinely calm the sea, whose waters urge Me to the azure skies. But oh, the sudden breaths of earth! My breast Is charged, I’m overcome.
- [Samuel John Hazo](https://dismountingrider.info/reflections-of-antiquity-in-modern-poetry/samuel-john-hazo/) - Poseidon and Others His spear is somewhere sunk in the Aegean. in the Aegean. The upraised hand grips nothing. grips nothing. His body’s primed for hurling—Olympian legs astride, both shoulders squared, the bearded face straightforward, and the eyes aiming. and the eyes aiming. Why quibble if antiquities are flawed—a nose chipped, a penis broken at its base,
- [Horsemanship in the <i>Greek Anthology</i>](https://dismountingrider.info/ancient-excerpts/ancient-horsemanship/greek-anthology/) - Translated and annotated by William Roger Paton Plango dedicated on the portals of the equestrian god her purple whip and her polished reins, after winning as a jockey her race with Philaenis, her practised rival, when the horses of the evening had just begun to neigh. Dear Cypris, give her unquestioned glory for her
- [Chariot racing in Byzantine sources](https://dismountingrider.info/ancient-excerpts/ancient-horsemanship/chariot-racing-in-byzantine-sources/) - John Lydus Christopher of Mytilene John Lydus, De Mensibus, 1.12: The chariot racing and the hippodrome (6th century AD) There was in Italy a certain Circe, notable for her birth and remarkable for her beauty, who fell in love with Odysseus when he was wandering in Italy with Diomedes; after being united with him, she
- [Chariot racing in Roman sources](https://dismountingrider.info/ancient-excerpts/ancient-horsemanship/chariot-racing-in-roman-sources/) - Virgil Ovid Statius Silius Italicus Sidonius Apollinaris Publius Vergilius Maro, Georgics: Chariot race (1st century BC) Have you seen the chariots pour from the barrier, rushing to attack the flat, competing headlong, when young men’s hopes are roused, and fear throbs, draining each exultant heart? On they go with writhing whips, bending forward to loosen
- [Robert Frost](https://dismountingrider.info/reflections-of-antiquity-in-modern-poetry/robert-frost/) - Pan with Us Pan came out of the woods one day,— His skin and his hair and his eyes were gray, The gray of the moss of the walls were they,— And stood in the sun and looked his fill At wooded valley and wooded hill. He stood in the zephyr, pipes in hand,
- [Peter Curman](https://dismountingrider.info/reflections-of-antiquity-in-modern-poetry/peter-curman/) - The Charioteer of Delphi Still in his gaze the statue in Delphi’s museum stands on the victory chariot under the triumphal arch: Straight-backed and without moving a muscle he is the emblem of the harmony that transcends time and death — his own and ours. Untouched by the surge of incidental victory he holds